التربية والتعليم

The study aimed at the disclosure of the most important problems that faces the class teachers in the state schools in Gaza governorates, from the viewpoint of the class teachers themselves, and also the disclosure about if there were differences with statistical indication in the responses of the class teachers around the problems that it faces it is attributed to the next variables : ( the race - the educational region - the service years ) and hence the formation of some suggestions that helps in the limitation of those problems from the viewpoint of the class teachers themselves. And the researcher has used the analytic descriptive method in the phenomenon's description of a topic the study, and the study sample consisted of all class teachers in the state schools, and the reaching their number ( 164 ) a landmark and a teacher in the second season from the academic year ( 2007 / 2008 AD ) and for the achievement of the study targets the researcher has prepared a questionaire to this purpose that included on ( 70 ) a problem faces the class teachers, and have been distributed among six dimensions she : ( problems related to the school administration, problems related to the rulers and the local society, problems related to the educational supervision, problems related to the class administration, problems related to the dealing with the pupils, problems related to the educational method ). And the assurance of the truth of questionaire by its presentation to a group of arbitrators then its application has taken place on a reconnaissance sample that consisted from ( 30 ) a landmark and a teacher from the class teachers and hence the consideration of the truth of the entering harmony, as the consideration of the questionaire withstanding took place with the use of the equalization of thousand Krounbakh, where it reached the laboratories of the total stability ( 0.950) and also with the use of the way of the half division where it reached the stability laboratories ( 0.892 ). Also the researcher has applied the questionaire on the study society a complete and that is from ( 164 ) a landmark and a teacher, then he has analyzed of the responses of the sample individuals with the use of the program of the statistical packages to the social studies ( Spss ). And the study has reached the next results: - The problems field related to the rulers and the local society occupied the first place by a relative weight ( 73.13 % ), the problems field related to the dealing with the pupils follows it by a relative weight ( 64.57 % ) then the problems field related to the school administration by a relative weight (61.84 % ) then the problems field related to the educational method by a relative weight ( 61.48 % ) then the problems field related to the educational supervision by a relative weight ( 61.10 % ), and finally the problems field related to the class administration by a relative weight (9.38%). - There are differences with statistical indication at (α ≤ 0.05 ) in the degree of the responses of the class teachers around the problems that they face from their view destination they are attributed to the race variable ( males - females ), and the differences were in favour of the females . - There are differences with statistical indication at (α ≤ 0.05 ) in the degree of the responses of the class teachers around the problems that they face from their view destination they are attributed to the variable of the educational region ( Rafah - Khan Yunis - the middle finger - in east of Gaza - in west of Gaza - in north of Gaza ). - There are no differences with statistical indication at (α ≤ 0.05 ) in the degree of the responses of the class teachers around the problems that they face from their view destination they are attributed to the service years variable ( 1 - 2, 3 - 4, 5 - 6, 7 - 8, 9-10, 11 - then it) increased . And in light of the study results the researcher advised on what follows: - The education of family and society for the cooperation with the teacher in the upbringing of students through their notification about their educational role . - The necessity of the presence of the supporting teacher with the class teacher and that for easing the burden on the class teacher and that he had a substitute successful in his absence condition, and the carrying out of this teacher with giving the therapeutic shares . - Holding training courses of the school principals around the way of the solution of the field teacher problems and the use of the new administrative methods . - The preparation of educational supervisor specialized in the class teachers . - The reduction of the number of pupils in the single grade, so that the class teacher can carry out of its various educational duties .

Title :Human and materialistic requirements of applying electronic management in public school from the own point of view of the principals and vice-principles in al-Rass Governorate. Researcher`s name :Khalifa Bin Saleh Bin Khalifa ALmssoud. The Department: Planning and educational management department. The College: College of education . The University: Umm Al-Qura University. The Year ١٤٢٩H/٢٠٠٨A.D. Objectives : ١- To know the human requirements needed to apply the electronic management in public schools from the own point of view of principals and vice-principals. ٢- To know the required materials needed to apply the electronic management in public schools from the own point of view of principals and vice-principals. ٣- To know the statistically significant differences at (٠.٠٥) between the responses of the study population in the whole human and materialistic requirements needed to apply the electronic management in public schools from the own points of view of school principals and vice-principals in Al-Rass Governorate attributed to the variables of school stage, qualifications, years in service, work in school, and computer training courses. Tools and Methodology : A questionnaire was used to collect data from the study population (٢٣٨) principals and vice-principals in public schools attached to the educational zone in Al- Rass Governorate. The descriptive statistical approach was used in this study. Statistical processing was performed through data analysis using the statistical program (SPSS).The following statistical methods were used : Alpha Cronbagh, Correlation Coefficient, Frequencies, percentages, arithmetic means, normative deviatiations, T-test, and F-Mono contrast analysis. Main Results : The following represent the most important requirements to apply the electronic management in public schools. ١- Technically qualified school management that can use managerial information technology. ٢- Expert programmers who can design and promote the electronic programs of the school managerial affairs and well-trained technicians who maintain computers, hardware and telecommunications. ٣- Expert trainers in the educational administration to train the management staff in school on how to use managerial information technology. ٤- Effective members in the school to input and output data. ٥- Implementation of electronic communication between the educational zone and all the attached schools, and a website of the school to communicate the outer world. ٦- To secure up-to-date computers and hardware for the school management team, web, high speed DSL, excellent software, and up-to-date protection systems to protect school data. ٧- There were no statistically significant differences in population responses on their axes according to the following variables, school stage, qualification, years of service, training courses. ٨- There were statistically significant differences in the responses of the study population (principal, vice-principal) in the variable of working in school around the study axes for the principals. Recommendations : ١- The educational authorities should implement the role of the national and wellqualified staff in computer programming to produce the suitable programs for managerial affairs in schools and develop them to be up-to-date. ٢- The educational authorities should recruit the well-qualified people to train the management team in school and teach them how to use managerial information technology and how to exploit them in school. ٣- To secure an effective infra structure (up-to-date computers and hardware, effective network, modern software) to implement the electronic management in schools. ٤- The educational authorities should encourage the electronic management in all aspects. ٥- To secure the most effective electronic protection software to protect school data

Ain Shams University Faculty of Education Comparative Education and Educational Administration Dept. Organizational Justice and Teachers Performance of Citizenship Behavior in the General Secondary Schools in Egypt A Dissertation abstract For the Ph.D. Degree in Education (Educational Administration) Prepared By Yasser Fathy El-Hendawy Al-Mahdy Assisstan Lecturer In Comparative Education and Educational Administration Dept. Supervised By Dr Mervat Saleh Nassef Assisstant Prof. of Educational Administration, Faculty of Education Ain Shams University Prof. Dr Soad Bassueni Abd El-Naby Prof. of Comparative Education and Educational Administration Faculty of Education Ain Shams University 1426H. – 2006 A.D. Organizational Justice and Teachers Performance of Citizenship Behavior in the General Secondary Schools in Egypt Introduction: School management aims at achiving school effectiveness through effective functioning of all the school members\' efforts. The teachers are considered to be the most important part on whom school management depends to achieve its goals. Recently, there has been lots of studies that emphasize the essential role which organizational justice has to do with the effectiveness of teachers\' performance , and their citizenship behavior in particular , which ,in turn ,aims at achieving school effectiveness as a major and end mission. Believing in the crucial role of teachers in activating the educational process, the ministry of education gives special care to promote the proffessional and economical conditions of teachers in all educational stages, and the secondary school teachers in particular. Science, the promotion of their conditions is the basic approach to enhance the standard of performance in the school generally, and that of teachers particullary. In the spite of the importance of recognizing the organizational justice in the enviromental of school, as amajor factor in determing the teachers\' performance of citizenship behavior, the current status of work at the public secondary schools in egypt pinpoints some shortcomings that may weaken the awareness of organizational justice, and affect passively on teachers\' performance of citizenship behavior in general secondary schools in Egypt. Research Problem The research problem can be summarized in the following main question: How can the relationship between organizational justice and Teachers Performance of Citizenship Behavior in the General Secondary Schools in Egypt be activated? This main question is divided into the following sub-questions: 1- What is the supposed theoretical model of the relationship between organizational justice and teachers\' performance of citizenship behavior? 2- What is the level of teachers\' assessment to organizational justice in the general secondary schools in Egypt? 3- What is the level of teachers\' performance of citizenship behavior in the general secondary schools in Egypt? 4- To what extent can the theoretical model be identified with the actual relations existed between organizational justice and teachers\' performance of citizenship behavior in the general secondary schools in Egypt? 5- What is the proposed model to enforce the organizational justice and enhance teachers\' performance of citizenship behavior in the general secondary schools in Egypt? Research limits A- Processing organizational justice according to the following three dimensions: 1- Distributive Justice. 2- Procedural Justice. 3- Interactive Justice. B- Processing teachers\' performance of organizational citizenship behavior according to the following three dimensions: 1- Organizational Citizenship Behavior towards Students. 2- Organizational Citizenship Behavior towards Colleagues. 3- Organizational Citizenship Behavior towards the School. Research Aims The main aim of this research is concluding the proposed model to enforce the organizational justice and enhance teachers\' performance of organizational citizenship behavior through activating the relationship between them in the general secondary schools in Egypt. the following are The sub-aims: 1- Identifying the theoretical model of relationship between organizational justice and teachers\' performance of citizenship behavior. 2- Identifying the teachers\' assessment of organizational justice in the general secondary schools in Egypt. 3- Realizing the level of teachers\' performance of citizenship behavior in the general secondary schools in Egypt. 4- Examining the level of identification between the theoretical model and actual relations existed between organizational justice and teachers\' performance of citizenship behavior in the general secondary schools in Egypt. Research Tools Two scales are used during the field study: 1- The Organizational Justice scale (prepared by the researcher). 2- Scale of Teachers\' performance of Citizenship Behavior (also prepared by the researcher). Research Sample The sample consists of 1083 secondary school teachers, randomly chosen from 8 Egyptian governorates. Methodology The Research uses the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in the context of the Descriptive Method. Research chapters: The research consists of five chapters as follows: Chapter One: The General Framework of Research. This Chapter includes the introduction, the research problem, aims and limits, the previous studies, the methodology and steps of the research. Chapter Two: Organizational Justice and Teachers\' performance of Citizenship Behavior in the General Secondary Schools: Theoretical Framework. At the end of this chapter, the researcher introduced theoretical model with the aim to explain the relations between research variables. Chapter Three: the Analytic Study of Organizational Justice and Teachers\' performance of Citizenship Behavior in the General Secondary Schools in Egypt. At the end of this chapter the researcher introduced research hypothesis. Chapter Four: the Field Study of organizational justice and teachers\' performance of citizenship behavior in the General secondary schools in Egypt. This chapter investigates the research hypothesis and examines the level of identification between theoretical model and the status quo in Egypt. Chapter five: the proposed model to enforce the organizational justice and enhance teachers\' performance of citizenship behavior in the general secondary schools in Egypt. Finally, the researcher presented some future research directives and recommendations for further studies to be done.