Abstract in English:
Abstract: Effect of using reciprocal style in physical education lessons on selected developmental domains in third grade middle schools students in Riyadh city
The purpose of the study was to examine effect of using reciprocal style in physical education lessons on selected developmental domains in third grade middle school students in Riyadh city. Subjects were 240 students randomly selected from middle schools in Riyadh city, and assigned to an experimental group consisted of 121 students, and control group consisted of 119 students.A teaching program consisted of two five - week units, one for soccer, and the other for long jump were designed for the study. The experimental group was taught by of using the reciprocal style and the control group was taught by using of the ordinary style. Variables consisted of ten measures, five of them for physical domains included Body Mass Index, flexibility, strength, muscular endurance, and cardiovascular fitness measured by 1600 meter run. Skills and cognitive domains were measured by two tests for each. Emotional domain was measured by a self-concept scale specially developed for this study. Pre data were collected before conducting the program and post data were collected at the end of the program. Data were analyzed using T-test and ANCOVA. Effect size and percent of changes from pre to post, were calculated. Results showed no significante differences between the two groups in pre data except for two variables that were analyzed using ANCOVA. Analyzing post data revealed significante differences between the two groups in one physical variable, two skills variables, one cognitive variables, and two skills variables. Experimental group was superior on the control group.
It was concluded that reciprocal style was effective in teaching physical education and had positive effects on physical, skill, cognitive, and emotional domains.