الرحلات الجغرافية في التراث العربي الإسلامي في القرنين الرابع والخامس الهجريين

The geographical travels, carried out by the Arab –Muslim travelers ‎in the fourth and fifth centuries of Hegira, had distinctive ‎characteristics underlined by observations that enabled them to record ‎what ever they saw during their scholarly, religious end commercial ‎travels throughout the vast Arab-Islamic State, extending from China ‎to the Atlantic and from Europe the midst of Africa. ‎ ‎Among the most remarkable travelers were: Al-Musoudi, Ibn ‎Fadhlan, Nasser Khisrue who enriched the geographical literature ‎with scholarly works such as descriptive geography , lexicons , ‎encyclopedias ,maps and Atlases.‎ This study highlights the contributions of those travelers who ‎enriched the Arab Islamic heritage with diverse field of geographical ‎knowledge. ‎